Is Redemption Always Possible free essay sample

The greater part of these techniques don’t turn out precisely how Amir plans. Subsequent to having a feeling of remorse burden Amir he believed he have to look for reclamation. One of his underlying responses was to attempt to get Hassan to rebuff him. His rationale was Hassan could truly harmed him so the two of them would encounter torment. Tragically what Amir didn’t consider was that Hassan could never do that to Amir; he is excessively faithful. Amir takes him to the pomegranate tree they visit and incites Hassan. He tosses pomegranates at him and calls him names. At last what occurs: Then Hassan picked up a pomegranate. He strolled toward me. He opened it and squashed it against his own brow. â€Å"There,† he croaked, red dribbling down his face like blood. â€Å"Are you fulfilled? Improve? † (Hosseini 93). At long last Hassan was too acceptable to even consider betraying his deep rooted companion and sibling. We will compose a custom paper test on Is Redemption Always Possible? or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This exacerbated Amir feel even about what had occurred. Another methodology Amir needed to alleviate his blame was to approach Baba for new hirelings. On the off chance that he didn’t need to see Hassan ordinary potentially he wouldn’t feel so broken inside. At the point when Baba won't get new hirelings and admonishes him for ever thinking something like this; Amir acknowledges he needs to assume control over issues. After his luxurious birthday celebration he planted his new brilliant watch and cash under Hassan’s sleeping pad. His rationale being, Baba says the best sin is taking, if Hassan was discovered taking Baba would get chafed and show them out. When Hassan admits to taking the watch Amir says, â€Å"I jumped, enjoyed being slapped. My heart sank and I nearly exclaimed reality. At that point I comprehended: This was Hassan’s last penance to me† (Hosseini 105). If he somehow happened to state no Baba would have trusted him. Hassan is once more excessively great; he was consistently faithful to Amir. Presently Ali and Hassan are leaving, Baba is in a great deal of agony and Amir’s still, small voice couldn’t feel more terrible. He has now made all out demolition every one of them four. A long time later, Baba and Amir have fled to America for displaced person. Amir is currently hitched and feels more fragile than any time in recent memory. A long time have passed by with no word from Hassan. He can’t help however consider him. When Soraya reveals to Amir her darkest mystery Amir keeps on feeling more terrible. One day he gets a call from Rahim Khan, he requests that Amir return to Afghanistan and that, â€Å"There is an approach to be acceptable again† (Hosseini 2). Amir thinks about whether Rahim thinks about what he did as a youngster. He can’t help yet come back to look for recovery from Rahim and conceivably Hassan. While in Afghanistan Amir discovers Sohrab is his nephew and that he should protect him from the Taliban. The official Amir converses with about getting authority of Sohrab is Assef. They best way to get him back is on the off chance that Amir murders Assef in a battle, without even a moment's pause. This took a lot of fearlessness, something Amir had never appeared in Afghanistan. It takes a great deal of dauntlessness to concur realizing that Assef is a warrior and he isn't. Amir chooses to not retaliate, he endures many hits. In the end Amir says: I don’t know when I began snickering, however I did. It hurt to chuckle, hurt my jaw, my ribs, my throat. Be that as it may, I was chuckling and snickering. Also, the harder I snickered, the harder he kicked me, punched me, scratched me (Hosseini 289). He was giggling on the grounds that he believed he at long last was getting what he merited; a beating from his domineering jerk. Realizing that he at last confronted Assef and spared Hassan’s child was useful in clearing his still, small voice, however he didn’t feel completely soothed. In the wake of safeguarding Sohrab he didn’t have a lot to unwind before he was tossed into embracing him. Sohrab attempts to end it all and Amir petitions God for without precedent for years. This was a reminder to Amir, he understood he as of now has Hassan’s blood on his hands he doesn’t need Sohrabs as well. In embracing Sohrab this is his additional opportunity, he would now be able to do right to Hassan by dealing with his child. After the deceptive excursion getting Sohrab the battle didn’t become a lot simpler. Sohrab had total shutdown he would not talk. This caused significantly to a greater degree an issue for the General. One night at supper the General offers an impolite remark about Sohrab being a Hazara. Amir gets bothered and supports Sohrab, something he never accomplished for Hassan. Following quite a while of this conduct most have abandoned Sohrab, however not Amir. He takes him out kite flying; in the wake of hacking down a kite he pursues it. Sohrab at last indicated feeling, â€Å"I looked down at Sohrab. When corner of his mouth had nestled into so. A grin. Unbalanced. Barely there. However, there† (Hosseini 370, 371) This was the best and best type of reclamation. Amir didn’t intend to cause pulverization by his activity as a youngster. He was a terrified kid attempting to save himself. His activities as a kid were weakness, yet he developed into a bold youngster. He tried sincerely and was eager to quit any pretense of everything to look for reclamation. Work Cited Hosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runner. New York: Riverhead Books, 2003. '

Enraged Driving essays

Chafed Driving expositions On the off chance that you have ever been driving not far off, staying out of other people's affairs, and got cut off, ran off the street, or were given the finger than you have succumbed to street rage. Every day Americans develop increasingly more liable to take out their own disappointments on different drivers. It is called forceful driving and it is on the grade. Different types of forceful driving you have likely experienced incorporate such things as unlawful or inappropriate path changes or turns, neglecting to stop or yield option to proceed, over the top rates, and a variety of signals, looks and loudly harsh language. Ordinary you need to manage these individuals on our streets. We run an extraordinary hazard simply driving around the bend to go to the store or a calm excursion to chapel. 66% of vehicle related fatalities are at any rate halfway brought about by forceful driving. Luckily, there is something you can do about it. To conquer forceful driving we should initially get it. The significant reason for forceful driving is an impolite or scatterbrained driver. The main source is presumably the left-path hoard different rude driving practices incorporate inability to flag before a path change, switching to another lane also near different drivers and closely following. It is then that you, an unconscious driver that maddens the forceful driver and triggers the Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde change. Diminished authorization, expressway traffic, clog or individual issues additionally assume an enormous job in the manner of the forceful driver. The furious driver at that point may exhibit his dismay by speeding around the you, cutting you off or with various verbal and nonverbal messages. In spite of the fact that the driver may feel legitimized in their activity, this sort of show is most occasions exceptionally risky and frequently will bring about harm to either your vehicle, you, and potentially any other individual around. As referenced previously, 66% of the 42,000 thruway passings a year ago were identified with forceful d ... <!

Reading With Spotify

Reading With Spotify Whether your musical knowledge fits within a round goldfish bowl, a forty-gallon aquarium, or even the largest tanks at Sea World, there are barriers that limit your musical awareness. Ben Ratliff, in his latest book, Every Song Ever: Twenty Ways to Listen in an Age of Musical Plenty, writes about an ocean of music that exists outside of my tank. It ranges from pop, rock, blues, RB, hip hop, jazz, to classical, experimental, world,  and avant-garde. Each of twenty chapters speculates on a different aspect of music. Chapters end with a list of songs discussed. This is a perfect book to read while listening to Spotify.  Just gander at this  160 song playlist based on the book. Ben Ratliff, a critic for The New York Times, can describe music with words, a talent I envy. Reading his essays makes my knowledge of music feel parochial. Spotify does not have every piece of music ever recorded, but its library is large enough to aurally supplement any book on music history. Spotify  and other streaming music services  are a game changer when it comes to studying music history. Anyone who doesn’t listen to the music they are reading about is doing themselves a serious disservice. Reading while listening beautifully illustrates why it’s so hard to create sentences that accurately describe the details of music. Ratliff analyzes aspects of music that pushed my cognitive abilities to discern details in songs. (Even though Ive been an ardent music fan for sixty years.) Normally we listen to what we love without understanding how and why. Unless we’re a composer or performer, we’re not likely to even notice the kinds of details Ratliff hears. I doubt casual music fans, especially those who are generationally trapped in the pop music of their youth, will appreciate this book. Its target audience will be those fans who love exploring unknown music territory and eras. Ben Ratliff isnt a typical music critic,  so you might also enjoy reading  Better Living Through Criticism by A. O. Scott concurrent with Every Song Ever. Ive been tag team reading them, and that generates a worthy synergy. However, if you want less intellectualism and more pure  fun, get What’s That Sound? An Introduction to Rock and Its History by John Covach. This is a college textbook, so its expensive. I got a used second edition when  I started Covach’s free online course History of Rock, Part One  at Coursera.  Combining What’s That Sound? with Spotify is an excellent mashup of education and entertainment,  via reading and listening. There are existing playlists on Spotify for each chapter of the textbook, or you can create your own. I started listening to rock in the 1960s, so I especially loved Covach’s  history of music from the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. He builds a song-by-song case showing how gospel, RB, country,  and blues  evolved into the rock I knew. Succeeding chapters greatly expanded my knowledge of rock music from the  1960s through the 1990s. Reading this textbook  got me to add  hundreds of songs to my favorite playlists, so the homework is fun. During the 1970s I slowly added jazz, big band, and swing albums to my collection. Expanding backward  in time  to the 1950s, 1940s, 1930s, 1920s, I gained an understanding of popular music evolution. My brain and ears weren’t trained for jazz, but eventually, my brain rewired itself, and jazz began to groove. Ken Burn’s great documentary,  Jazz: A Film by Ken Burns,  and his book Jazz: A History of America’s Music, which  he wrote with Geoffrey C. Ward, is one wonderful  introduction to this genre. There are countless books on jazz. Learning to love jazz is hard, even with books like How to Listen to Jazz by Ted Gioia. Quite often I’ll read a glowing account of an album, for example,  Tomorrow is the Question! by Ornette Coleman. Id then listen to it on Spotify, and find I don’t have the same passion as the writer of the book. Other recommendations would work immediately, like when I discovered  Kind of Blue by Miles Davis. I’m overwhelmed by how much I love that album. If I had grown up with Jack Kerouac, his Charlie Parker era jazz would have been my rock music. Reading music history helps culturally time travel. As  I read more about Ornette Coleman’s music, it changed what I heard. What I initially dismissed as unpleasant, even jarring, began to work as music, and eventually, parts became appealing. I doubt I can ever love jazz like Kerouac, because I didn’t grow up with it, but I am expanding my tank of musical awareness. Going back further in time is harder. I never liked classical music growing up, but I keep trying to learn to like it. How to Listen to Great Music: A Guide to Its History, Culture, and Heart by Robert Greenberg helps. Also, listening to his Great Course lectures  on Audible, How to Listen to and Understand Great Music, 3rd Edition, puts classical music in historical perspective. I’ve discovered I only love about 1 out of 100 classical  pieces. But like working with jazz, reading how and why those composers created their works helps alter my brain, so listening becomes more conscious, and sometimes moving. I’ve even discovered a few opera  arias I love. Yet even after  reading a masterpiece of insight like Gödel, Escher, Bach by Douglas R. Hofstadter, I still can’t comprehend the brilliance of the “Goldberg Variations” with my ears. Intellectually I can understand why they are mathematically brilliant, but Ive yet to hear it. I haven’t given up though. Reading about music  history while listening to  Spotify is expanding my  consciousness. It makes me wonder about the nature of music itself,  and for that, I’ve been reading Musicophilia by the late  Oliver Sacks.  Dr. Sacks wrote about neurological oddities whose conditions reveal how our brains work. His case studies are always mind blowing, like the man who can only remember for seven seconds, except for music, or the guy who got struck by lightning and became obsessed with Chopin. My interests are much more mundane. Why do we imprint on the music we hear in adolescence? Why is it harder to love music from a two hundred years  before our birth  than twenty years? Why is music from India, China, and Japan so different? Ben Ratliff touches on cross-cultural music here and there in his book, like when he talks about John Coltrane listening to Music of India by Ali Akbar Khan during 1957-1961. The advantage of reading while listening to Spotify  inspires me  to play both Coltrane and Khan, and search out articles like, “The Influence of India Music on Jazz” by Marc Rossi. I highly recommend reading music history books while listening to Spotify, or your favorite streaming music service. It’s also fun to have an Amazon Echo, because I can sit in my reading chair and say things like, “Alexa, play ‘A Love Supreme’ by John Coltrane,” as I read and she will. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Combat Orders Essay - 14914 Words

Combat Orders format Introduction. Combat orders instruction at TBS is a detailed, rigorous package that strives to develop and evaluate your ability to arrive at a tactical decision, communicate that decision, and execute your plans in a time competitive environment. The focus throughout will be on action. Your tactical actions and necessary communication for action will be evaluated under the dynamic, chaotic, and uncertain lens espoused in MCDP-1. You will be required to brief and/or write numerous combat orders throughout the course. Significant events from the combat orders package include †¢ Tactical Planning I †¢ Tactical Planning Sand Table Exercise †¢ Combat Orders Format †¢ Patrol Order †¢ Combat Orders Discussion†¦show more content†¦A competent commander avoids highly formalized formats or lengthy order procedures. They limit his flexibility. Often, he must individualize orders to best match the abilities of those who receive it. (For more information on this aspect of combat orders see Von Schells Battle Leadership, pages 11-12.) A commander will provide a more detailed order to inexperienced or unfamiliar subordinates than he would to those with whom he knows and trusts. Mission tactics are crucial to the art of combat orders. The author of Battle Leadership describes them this way: ...We use what we term â€Å"mission tactics;† orders are not written out in the minute detail, a mission is merely given to the commander. How it shall be carried out is his problem. This is done because the commander on the ground is the only one who can correctly judge existing conditions and take proper action if a chance occurs in the situation. There is also a strong psychological reason for these â€Å"mission tactics.† The commander, who can make his own decisions within the limits of his mission, feels responsible for what he does. Consequently, he will accomplish more because he will act in accordance with his own psychological individuality. Give the same independence to your platoon and squad leaders. Of course, there will be situations where more detailed control is necessary, and mission orders may not be practical. This is especially trueShow MoreRelatedIn Order To Combat The Hate Of The Kkk We Must Understand1300 Words   |  6 PagesIn order to combat the hate of the KKK we must understand where this hatred comes from, so we can stop it directly at the source. Creating laws to stop hate crimes is a solution only on the surface, the hate from the KKK is still present and strong in today’s society regardless of the laws in place. One distinct source of hate are the cognitive influences that play a role. How people think is ultimately what directs their emotions and behaviors. So, the best strategy to combat hate is to identifyRead MoreIndonesia Needs Sex Education in Order to Combat Unwanted Pregnancies927 Words   |  4 Pagesagency), although these services should be provided while retaining respect to the individual religious beliefs of the people. Along with retai ning respect to individual beliefs and wants, education should be provided to people by their governments in order to help prevent unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Indonesia believes that population growth should be balanced, especially in countries (such as Indonesia) which have very high population densities and large urban settings. ThisRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1086 Words   |  5 Pagescontroversy around allowing women to serve in combat roles. Many detractors try to make the case of females being mentally and physically unsuited for the harsh trials of combat, therefore wanting to bar them from those roles. These critics fail to recognize the actions already accomplished by our nations women that show their ability to serve and face danger the same as men do, and not to mention the multiple historical examples of women fighting in combat roles successfully. In addition, while everyRead MoreEssay Military Women Should NOT Be Allowed in Combat Positi ons1223 Words   |  5 Pagesshould be given the opportunity to serve in combat arms positions. Women are currently allowed to serve in combat support positions, such as military intelligence and air support positions, but they are not allowed to serve in positions such as infantry, armor, or field artillery. Many believe that it is time to open these positions to women soldiers and allow them to serve in the front lines of combat. Although women are currently allowed to serve in combat support positions in the military, womenRead MoreWomen During World War II1508 Words   |  7 Pagescommanding officers and only if they proved they were helpful (â€Å"Timeline: Women in the U.S. Military†). During World War II, more than 400,000 women served at home and abroad as mechanics, ambulance drivers, pilots, administrators, nurses, and in other non-combat roles (Timeline: Women in the U.S. Military). Their success ignited a spark in 1948 for Congress to pass the Women’s Armed Services Integration Act granting women permanent status in the military subject to military authority and regulations andRead MoreSummary : The Camp Essay730 Words   |  3 Pagesis time for the drill. Follow me in single order! He lead us to an obstacle course he and the other higher ranking officers had set up the night before. It consisted of the standard tire jumping, some pull-up bars, as well as ropes, and more. Doing all these drills in the sand was difficult and he had been ramping up the difficulty of each drill slightly the past few weeks; putting us to the test to make sure we were one-hundred percent ready for combat before sending us out. Matthews gave us a quickRead MoreWomen in th e Military Essay531 Words   |  3 PagesI have chosen my persuasive essay to be focused on why women should be in the military. I chose this topic in order to get a full view on how women in the military are thought of. I have done some research and have learned a lot more then I originally expected. According to the U.S. Constitution, all men are created equal, this also includes women. I believe that a woman in the military is just as capable as any man. Some people will argue this because they feel as thoughRead MoreAccountability of Sensitive Items Essay1010 Words   |  5 Pagescard, communication equipment, etcetera. Sensitive items are anything that can be used by opposing forces or the enemy to counter attack, weaken forces, and gain information, and so on. People will sometimes get relaxed or forgettable while not in a combat zone or operation area. If this happens it is very dangerous due to the fact that enemies are able to obtain any and possibly all of your sensitive items to gather information or harm you and your unit and possibly civilians for your negligence. Read MoreBattle : A History Of Combat And Culture1465 Words   |  6 PagesComparative Book review John Lynn, Battle: A History of Combat and Culture (Boulder, CO: Westview, 2003) Victor Davis Hanson, Carnage, and Culture: Landmark Battles in the Rise of Western Power (New York: Doubleday, 2001) Victor Davis Hanson is a former classics professor, an American military historian, a scholar of ancient warfare and a columnist. He graduated from Selma High School, he also received a BA from the University of California in 1975 and later got his Ph.D. in Classics from StanfordRead MoreThe Legacy Of Victor Davis Hanson1500 Words   |  6 PagesMaster?s degree in Art at the University of California and later his Ph.D. at UCLA. Like Victor Hanson, John Lynn is also a military historian focusing of the ancient western military power. The professor is well known for his book Battle: A History of Combat and Culture published in 2003. In the book, John Lynn seeks to oppose the universal approaches to interpreting warfare. Victor Hanson in his book tries to provide a vivid description of the battles that happened more than two millenniums back. His

Persuasive Essay The Physician Murmured - 2434 Words

To hear him howling in pain, crying out for our lady mother, tore at my heart. It had started in the early morning hours days before. Was this to be the end of my beloved brother? What would become of me? Make him stop! For the love of God, make him stop! I begged the good physician, who stood, rummaging through his bag of medicines and tools, at the foot of my brother s bed. My Prince, he said without turning, would that I could, but I cannot. Surely, a white-faced guard near the door trembled. Surely there is something you can do? I can make him comfortable, the physician murmured. I can give him something to take his mind from the pain, but I cannot take the pain. Before the guard or myself could beg for a miracle from a man unable to give us one, the door swung open, and in walked my uncle, Lord Protector, in his customary black tunic and hose. My Lord, the physician bowed as the guard sprang to attention. My uncle swept passed the man and knelt at my brother s bedside. Your High ness. His voice was a soft, sad whisper. Can you hear me? My brother turned his head, and let out a wail of pain as he did. U-uncle? he gasped out. Uncle, please. The pain... My uncle turned his head to the physician, despair written upon his face. Good sir, tell me there is hope. The physician paled. To answer that question was damning, and well we all knew it. If he were wrong, his reputation would be ruined, and his very life could be in danger. Tell me true, man!

Soil Behaviour and Geotechnical Modelling Free Essays

(a) Discuss advantages and limitations of Duncan and Chang’s model. Duncan and Chang’s model assumes a hyperbolic stress-strain relation and was developed based on triaxial soil tests. The original model assumes a constant Poisson’s ratio while the revised model accommodates the variation of Poisson’s ratio by means of stress-dependent Poisson’s ratio or stress-dependent bulk modulus. We will write a custom essay sample on Soil Behaviour and Geotechnical Modelling or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Duncan-Chang model is advantageous in analyzing many practical problems and is simple to set up with standard triaxial compression tests. When tri-axial test results are not available, model parameters are also abundantly available in literatures. It is a simple yet obvious enhancement to the Mohr-Coulomb model. In this respect, this model is preferred over the Mohr-Coulomb model. However, it has its limitations, including, (i) the intermediate principal stress s2 is not accounted for; (ii) results may be unreliable when extensive failure occurs; (iii) it does not consider the volume change due to changes in shear stress (shear dilatancy); (iv) input parameters are not fundamental soil properties, but only empirical values for limited range of conditions. (v) the model is mainly intended for quasi-static analysis. (b) Discuss advantages and limitations of Yin and Graham’s KGJ model. Yin and Graham’s KGJ model is formed using data from isotropic consolidation tests and consolidated undrained triaxial tests with pore-water pressure measurement. It provides functional expressions for , , , and relationships in soils. In Duncan and Chang’s model for triaxial stress conditions: may cause volume strain ( dilation and compression) may cause shear strain. Whereas Yin and Graham’s KGJ model: Thus the volume change and shear strain was taken into account, which is an improvement to Duncan and Chang’s model. The limitation of Yin and Graham’s KGJ model may exist in the determination of the parameter and the complexity of its calculation. (c) Discuss the differences between elastic models and hypo-elastic models. For soils, the behaviour depend on the stress path followed. The total deformation of such materials can be decomposed into a recoverable part and an irrecoverable part. Hypoelasticity constitutes a generalized incremental law in which the behaviour can be simulated from increment to increment rather than for the entire load or stress at a time. In hypoelasticity, the increment of stress is expressed as a function of stress and increment of strain. The Hypoelastic concept can provide simulation of constitutive behaviour in a smooth manner and hence can be used for hardening or softening soils. Hypoelastic models can be considered as modification of linear elastic models. However, it may incrementally reversible, with no coupling between volumetric and deviatoric responses and is path-independent. 5.2 Use sketches to explain the physical (geometric) meaning of all 7 parameters (only 5 independent) in a cross-anisotropic elastic soil model (). Figure 5.1 Parameters in cross-anisotropic elastic model – Young’s modulus in the depositional direction; – Young’s modulus in the plane of deposition ; – Poisson’s ratio for straining in the plane of deposition due to the stress acting in the direction of deposition; – Poisson’s ratio for straining in the direction of deposition due to the stress acting in the plane of deposition; – Poisson’s ratio for straining in the plane of deposition due to the stress acting in the same plane; – Shear modulus in the plane of the direction of deposition; – Shear modulus in the plane of deposition. Due to symmetry requirements, only 5 parameters are independent. Assignment 6 (Lecture 6 – Elasto-plastic behaviour): 6.1 (a) Explain and discuss (i) yield, (ii) yield criterion, (iii) potential surface, (iv) flow rule, (v) normality, (vi) consistency condition. (i) The yield strength or yield point of a material is defined in engineering and materials science as the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically. Prior to the yield point the material will deform elastically and will return to its original shape when the applied stress is removed. Once the yield point is passed some fraction of the deformation will be permanent and non-reversible. In the uniaxial situations the yield stress indicates the onset of plastic straining. In the multi-axial situation it is not sensible to talk about a yield stress. Instead, a yield function is defined which is a scalar function of stress and state parameters. (ii) A yield criterion, often expressed as yield surface, or yield locus, is an hypothesis concerning the limit of elasticity under any combination of stresses. There are two interpretations of yield criterion: one is purely mathematical in taking a statistical approach while other models attempt to provide a justification based on established physical principles. Since stress and strain are tensor qualities they can be described on the basis of three principal directions, in the case of stress these are denoted by , and . (iii) Potential surface is the segment of a plastic potential surface plotted in principal stress space, as shown in Figure 6.1 (a). A two dimensional case was shown in Figure 6.1 (b). (iv) Flow rule: – a scalar multiplier; – plastic potential function; {} – location of surface (a vector), not in the final equation Figure 6.1 Plastic potential presentation (v) Assuming the plastic potential function to be the same as the yield function as a further simplification: The incremental plastic strain vector is then normal to the yield surface and the normality condition is said to apply. (vi) Having defined the basic ingredients of an elasto-plastic constitutive model, a relationship between incremental stresses and incremental strains then can be obtained. When the material is plastic the stress state must satisfy the yield function. Consequently, on using the chain rule of differentiation, gives: This equation is known as the consistency equation or consistency condition. (b) Explain and discuss the associate flow rule and non-associate flow rule and how the two rules affect the volumetric deformation and the bearing capacity of a strip footing on sand. Sometimes simplification can be applied by assuming the plastic potential function to be the same as the yield function (i.e. ). In this case the flow rule is said to be associated. The incremental plastic strain vector is then normal to the yield surface and the normality condition is said to apply. In the general case in which the yield and plastic potential functions differ (i.e. ), the flow rule is said to be non-associated. If the flow rule is associated, the constitutive matrix is symmetric and so is the global stiffness matrix. On the other hand, if the flow rule is non-associated both the constitutive matrix and the global stiffness matrix become non-symmetric. The inversion of non-symmetric matrices is much more costly, both of storage and computer time. As noted, it occurs in a special class of plasticity in which the flow rule is said to be associated. Substitution of a symmetric for all elements in a finite element mesa, into the assembly process, results in a symmetric global stiffness matrix. For the general case in which the flow rule is non-associated and the yield and plastic potential functions differ, the constitutive matrix is non-symmetric. When assembled into the finite element equations this results in a non- symmetric global stiffness matrix. The inversion of such a matrix is more complex and requires more computing resources, both memory and time, than a symmetric matrix. Some commercial programs are unable to deal with non-symmetric global stiffness matrices and, consequently, restrict the typo of plastic models that can be accommodated to those which have an associated flow rule. (c) Explain plastic strain hardening and plastic work hardening or softening. The state parameters, , are related to the accumulated plastic strains . Consequently, if there is a linear relationship between and so that then on substitution, along with the flow rule, the unknown scalar,, cancels and A becomes determinant. If there is not a linear relationship between and , the differential ratio on the left hand side of the above equation is a function the plastic strains and therefore a function of . When substituted, along with the flow rule given, the A’s do not cancel and A becomes indeterminate. It is then not possums to evaluate the []. In practice all strain hardening/ softening models assume a linear relationship between the state parameters and the plastic strains . In this type of plasticity the state parameters}, are related to the accumulated plastic work, ,which is dependent on the plastic strains it can be shown, following a similar argument to that parented above for strain hardening/softening plasticity, that as long as there is a linear relationship between the state parameters }, and the plastic work, , the parameter defined becomes independent of the unknown scalar, , send therefore is determinant. If the relationship between and is not linear, become a function of and it is not possible to evaluate the constitutive matrix. 6.2 Show steps to derive the elastic plastic constitutive matrix [] in (6.16). The incremental total strains can be split into elastic and plastic , componets. The incremental stress, are related to the incremental elastic strains, by the elastic constitutive matrix: Or alternatively Combining gives The incremental plastic strains are related to the plastic potential function, via the flow rule. This can be written as Substituting gives When the material is plastic the stress state must satisfy the yield function. Consequently, which, on using the chain rule of differentiation. This equation is known as the consistency equation. It can be rearranged to give Combining, we can get Where Substituting again So that 6.3 The dimension of a slope is shown in Figure 6.2. Calculate the factor of safety of the following cases: (a) Without tension crack, the properties of Soil (1) are kPa, , kN/m3; The properties of Soil (2) are kPa, , kN/m3 (no water table). (b) With tension crack filled with water, repeat the calculation in (a). (c) Without tension crack, the properties of Soil (1) are kPa, , kN/m3 (below water table) and kN/m3 (above water table); the properties of Soil (2) are kPa, , kN/m3 (below water table) and kN/m3 (above water table). Water table is shown. Figure 6.2 Dimension of the slope and water table (a) Figure 6.3 Model without tension crack or water table Factor of Safety: 1.498 Figure 6.4 Results without tension crack or water table Figure 6.5 Slice 1 – Morgenstern-Price Method (b) Figure 6.6 Model with tension crack filled with water Figure 6.7 Results with tension crack filled with water The safety factor : 1.406 Figure 6.8 Slice 1 – Morgenstern-Price Method (c) Figure 6.9 Model without tension crack but with water table Figure 6.10 Results without tension crack but with water table Factor of Safety: 1.258 Figure 6.11 Slice 1 – Morgenstern-Price Method How to cite Soil Behaviour and Geotechnical Modelling, Papers

The Scarlet Letter Essays (513 words) - English-language Films

The Scarlet Letter The book The Scarlet Letter is all about symbolism. People and objects are symbolic of events and thoughts. Throughout the course of the book, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses Hester, Pearl, and Arthur Dimmesdale to signify Puritanic and Romantic philosophies. Hester Prynne, through the eyes of the Puritans, is an extreme sinner; she has gone against the Puritan ways, committing adultery. For this irrevocably harsh sin, she must wear a symbol of shame for the rest of her life. However, the Romantic philosophies of Hawthorne put down the Puritanic beliefs. She is a beautiful, young woman who has sinned, but is forgiven. Hawthorne portrays Hester as "divine maternity" and she can do no wrong. Not only Hester, but the physical scarlet letter, a Puritanical sign of disownment, is shown through the author's tone and diction as a beautiful, gold and colorful piece. Pearl, Hester's child, is portrayed Puritanically, as a child of sin who should be treated as such, ugly, evil, and shamed. The reader more evidently notices that Hawthorne carefully, and sometimes not subtly at all, places Pearl above the rest. She wears colorful clothes, is extremely smart, pretty, and nice. More often than not, she shows her intelligence and free thought, a trait of the Romantics. One of Pearl's favorite activities is playing with flowers and trees. (The reader will recall that anything affiliated with the forest was evil to Puritans. To Hawthorne, however, the forest was beautiful and natural.) "And she was gentler here [the forest] than in the grassy-margined streets of the settlement, or in her mother's cottage. The flowers appeared to know it" (194) Pearl fit in with natural things. Also, Pearl is always effervescent and joyous, which is definitely a negative to the Puritans. Pearl is a virtual shouting match between the Puritanical views and the Romantic ways. To most, but especially the Puritans, one of the most important members of a community is the religious leader; Arthur Dimmesdale is no exception. He was held above the rest, and this is proven in one of the first scenes of the book. As Hester is above the townspeople on a scaffold, Dimmesdale, Governor Wilson, and others are still above her. But, as the reader soon discovers, Arthur Dimmesdale is his own worst enemy. He hates himself and must physically inflict pain upon himself. "He thus typified the constant introspection wherewith he tortured, but could not purify, himself" to never forget what he has done (141). To Dimmesdale, it is bad that Hester is shown publicly as a sinner, but people forget that. What is far worse than public shame is Dimmesdale's own cruel inner shame. Knowing what only he and Hester know, the secret eats away at every fiber of Dimmesdale's being. As the Puritans hold up Dimmesdale, the Romantics level him as a human. The Scarlet Letter is a myriad of allegorical theories and philosophies. Ranging from Puritanic to Romantic, Nathaniel Hawthorne embodies his ideas to stress his Romantic philosophies through Pearl, Hester, and Dimmesdale throughout all of this.